It is estimated that more than 95% of sudden cardiac arrest casualties die before reaching a hospital. However, when all four links of the Chain of Survival are strong, survival rates for casualties of Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) can rise to as high as 40%. By understanding more about sudden cardiac arrest and the importance of the Chain of Survival concept, you may be able to save the life of a family member, a neighbour, co-worker or a friend.

The four links in the Chain of Survival are:

1st Link – Early Recognition and Call for Help
The first link shows the importance of the early recognition of those at risk of cardiac arrest and then calling for help immediately in the hope that early treatment can prevent cardiac arrest.

2nd Link – Early CPR
Early Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) performed by a first aider on a casualty who is in cardiac arrest can buy life-saving time.

3rd Link – Early Defibrillation
Early defibrillation is the third and perhaps most significant link. Automated External Defibrillation is the emergency procedure where specially trained first aiders apply an electronic device to the chest of a cardiac arrest casualty, and the device automatically delivers a controlled electric shock to the casualty’s heart.

4th Link – Early ACLS
Advanced Cardiac Life Support is provided by ambulance paramedics and other highly trained medical personnel. Effective post resuscitation care is mainly aimed at preserving brain and heart function.